General Cardiology
What Is Atherosclerosis (Arterial Hardening)?
Atherosclerosis is a chronic process in which cholesterol, inflammatory cells, and other substances accumulate within the arterial wall and form plaques.
Atherosclerosis can affect:
- Coronary arteries
- Carotid arteries
- Peripheral arteries
- Aorta
- Other vascular territories
It can remain silent for many years.
When disease becomes clinically significant, it can result in:
- Coronary artery disease
- Heart attack
- Stroke
- Peripheral artery disease
- Aortic disease
Risk-factor management is central to preventing disease progression and cardiovascular events.
Important measures include controlling LDL cholesterol and blood pressure, stopping smoking, maintaining a healthy weight, exercising regularly, and controlling diabetes.